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The writing of a lesson plan has a number of important functions. It is an aid to planning when teachers write down what they expect students to achieve by the end of the lesson and intentions on how to make that possible. It helps teachers think logically through the stages in relation to available time. A lesson plan can be used as a working document to help teachers stay on target and is an outline to be referred to during the lesson. A lesson plan also makes a good record of what the class has done and what materials were used. This also helps a substitute teacher if one is needed.
The basic principles of lesson planning are: keep it simple, do not try to script the lesson, structure it and maintain the same structure, write the anticipated time for each activity in the margin, check for balance of skills, and keep it flexible.
Before a lesson is started, there are a number of practical things a teacher can do to make sure it goes smoothly, such as: check he/she has the lesson plan, make sure he/she has all aids/materials needed, check that the equipment works, lay out materials/aids so they are easily found, arrange seating as desired, make sure the board is clean, and be ready to chat to students as they come into class.
It's good for the teacher to have a clear guide for what he/she wants to achieve. Here are some things that are good to include in a lesson plan: learner objectives, personal aims, language points, teaching aids, anticipate problems (student and teacher), procedure, phase, timing, interaction, class level, number of students, date/time, teacher's name, and observer's name (if applicable).
It's good for teachers to fill out self evaluation forms to monitor the quality of his/her own lessons. It's a good way for teachers to improve their skills and make classes as enjoyable as possible. Teachers can keep track of what parts of the lesson went well and where improvement is needed.
Things for teachers to consider when planning a sequence of lessons are: flexibility, goals, revisions, variety, and balance.
I learned a lot about lesson planning during this unit. I think it is important for teachers to plan lessons and use them as a guide for keeping on track with learning objectives. Lesson plans are also good as records for what language points have been covered and what activities were used. A lesson plan is a good guide for timing so a teacher can gauge if they are over or under schedule and adjust accordingly. I think lesson plans should be used as general guides, but be flexible and go with the flow of class. It's good for the students to navigate where lessons are going at times, so long as the language points are being taught and students are getting a lot of exposure using the language. Teachers can note changes made to the lesson if the class strays from the plan, in order to keep accurate records of what was covered in class. I think it's a good idea to give students some input on lesson planning when it comes to activities planned. This can be a good way for teachers to get to know what activities their students enjoy, keep lessons more student centered, and keep students interested and motivated.
