Snug Harbor, Delaware TESOL Online & Teaching English Jobs

CONDITIONALS Conditionals have two clauses. e.g. If/when this happens --> then that happens. Two clauses: [situation] + [consequence] 5 CONDITIONALS discussed in this unit are: zero, first, second, third and mixed conditionals. --- 1. ZERO CONDITIONAL is used to talk about 'situations' that are factual or general truths. [TRUTHS, FACTS] - "If you water the plants, they grow and blossom." - in present simple tense. --- 2. FIRST CONDITIONAL is used to talk about likely 'results/consequences' of possible future 'situations'. [PROMISES, WARNINGS] - "If you go to bed early, you will grow a little taller." - present simple and future simple tenses. --- 3. SECOND CONDITIONAL is used to talk about dreams, fantasies, 'hypothetical' situations. [FANTASIES] - "If you baked that cake, I might help you eat it." - past simple and base form verb. --- 4. THIRD CONDITIONAL is dealing with past results of an imaginary situation that occured in the past. [REGRETS/EXCUSES] - "If I had left earlier, I would have been there on time." - past perfect and present perfect. --- 5. MIXED CONDITIONAL [MIX of 2nd+3rd] - "If I had turned right, we wouldn't be lost." - past perfect and base form verb. e.g. if I had turned right[PAST](3rd), we wouldn't be(2nd) lost. [imaginary PRESENT RESULT]. REPORTED SPEECH is used when direct speech needs to be relayed to a third party. What was said by he, she, we, they, etc. Also, we can be creative with the way we portray the mood of the statement, the manner it was said. e.g. said, told, ordered, admitted, warned, suggested, mentioned, stated, etc. Direct speech - He said "I feel great today!" Reported speech - He admitted that he felt great that day. Most often the past tense is used in reported speech, but some exception is made to occasions when A. facts are always true, e.g. Direct speech - The teacher said "The sun rises every morning and sets every evening." Reported speech - The teacher said that the sun rises every morning and sets every evening. B. or when we relaying something said straight after it was said, e.g. Direct speech - He said "I feel great today" Reported speech just now - He said that he feels great today. Reported speech another day - He said that he felt great that day. Reported speech in QUESTION FORM: Direct speech - The teacher asked "Does the sun rise every morning Jen?" Reported speech - The teacher asked Jen if the sun rises every morning. Direct speech - The teacher asked "Does anyone know?"** no question word e.g. 'the answer' Reported speech - The teacher asked whether anyone knew (the answer). Using the PAST TENSE: Present simple >> Past simple Present continuous >> Past continuous Present perfect >> Past perfect Present perfect continuous >> Past perfect continuous Past simple >> Past perfect Past continuous >> Past perfect continuous Past perfect* >> no change Past perfect continuous* >> no change Will >> Would Applying TIME DIRECTION to reported speech: today >> that day next >> following 10 years ago >> a decade ago here >> there these >> those now >> then this >> that yesterday >> the day before/previous day A teacher's requirements: Being patient, being creative with ways to help students grasp the reported speech concept. It might take some time and practice for the student(s) to understand this style of grammar, so noting on any weaknesses would be wise, then perhaps applying it as often and varied as possible to future teaching skills.