Overview of All English Tenses - Present Tenses Overview - Present Perfect Continuous
We can see that this particular usage of the unfinished past can be used for both the present perfect and the present perfect continuous. Where we've got action verbs, we usually prefer to use the present perfect continuous. However, there are state verbs which don't usually go into the continuous form, such as 'know'. We would say 'I have known her for 10 years,' not 'I have been knowing her for 10 years.' So when we have these state verbs, such as 'know', 'be', 'seem' and 'appear', we would usually put these in the present perfect but with the action verbs, such as 'play', 'cook', 'work', we will use these in the present perfect continuous. Normally, we also use the present perfect continuous fairly frequently with words, such as just or recently to express a recently completed action with the present results, for example 'I am tired because I have been playing football.'
Below you can read feedback from an ITTT graduate regarding one section of their online TEFL certification course. Each of our online courses is broken down into concise units that focus on specific areas of English language teaching. This convenient, highly structured design means that you can quickly get to grips with each section before moving onto the next.
Therefore, the process of choosing the right course book for use in the classroom, especially at the college level, is a daunting tas.
In addition, what we choose for our classrooms often shapes the syllabi, and sometimes even the entire language program (Angell, DuBravac and Gonglewski, 2008; Byrnes,
1988.
There are many reasons why English teachers choose to use ESL course books in the classroo.
Sometimes it is based on our impressions and expectations of what teaching materials should look lik.
Other reasons might be that the course books are visually appealing, easy for the teacher to prepare, and the activities fits well into the timetable (Angell et a.
,
2008.
However, all course books should be chosen based on its educational values and whether or not it meets the program objective.
Most importantly, students should learn something beyond just simple practices of ABC?.
According to Cheung and Wong (2002), the major premise of an academic curriculum should aim at developing students? intellectual abilities in subject areas that are most worthy of stud.
This means that the curriculum should provide intrinsically rewarding experiences for the students while developing their affective and cognitive domai.
Schwartz (2006) mentioned that a good curriculum is not only designed for the students, it is also designed for the teachers as wel.
In other words, a good curriculum not only educates the student, but teachers can also teach something of value to the student.
Therefore, what could teachers do to improve their courses when they are restricted by the ESL course book assigned to them by the administration? Advantages of Course books From the school administration and some teacher?s point of view, there are several advantages for basing the curriculum on a series of ESL course book.
First, the course books have a clearly identified set of achievement objectives which include what the learners are expected to be able to do and what to expect nex.
These ready-made syllabi contain carefully planned and balanced selection of language content that can be easily followed by teachers and students (Kayapinar,
2009.
Second, when the teachers are teaching each unit in the course books, there is a consistency in the topics and genres in the four skills area (listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
This allows for greater autonomy in the learning proces.
In addition, many inexperienced teachers may find ESL course books to be useful and practical because the ready-made activities and lessons are easy for the teacher to prepar.
In many of the ESL course books, the designers even have prepared achievement tests for each units of study and a teacher?s manual to guide the teacher in their instructio.
Finally, ESL course books are the cheapest and most convenient ways of providing learning materials to each student (Kayapinar,
2009.
All of these reasons make using course books a very popular choice in the English learning curriculu.
