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Conditionals contains two clauses: The "if" clause which contains the condition that must be satisfied and the main clause which contains the consequence. There are five conditionals: 1) Zero Conditional Form: If/When + present tense, present tense Usage: It is used to refer to facts 2) First Conditional Form: If + present simple, will/may/might/can/should/must + base form Usage: To talk about a situation that is likely to happen in the future when the condition is met. 3) Second Conditional Form: If + past simple, would/might/could + base form Usage: To refer to a future hypothetical situation that is unlikely to happen 4) Third Conditional Form: If + past perfect + would/might/could + have + past participle Usage: To refer to a hypothetical past action and its hypothetical past consequence 5) Mixed Conditional Form: If + past perfect, would + base form Usage: To refer to a hypothetical past action and the hypothetical present consequence Reported and Direct speech We change verb tenses when we report a speech Present simple > Past simple Present continuous > Past continuous Present perfect > Past perfect Present perfect continuous > Past perfect continuous Past simple > Past perfect Past continuous > Past perfect continuous Past perfect > Past perfect Past perfect continuous > Past perfect continuous will > Would Words like: "yesterday" becomes "the previous day", "tomorrow" becomes "the next day", "today" becomes "that day", "this" becomes "that", and "here" becomes "there"